Frequently used words in human trafficking cases

HUMAN TRAFFICKING: According to The United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons (UN TIP Protocol), Human Trafficking is defined as- The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery, or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs.

SEX TRAFFICKING: The recruitment, harbouring, transportation, provision, obtaining, patronizing, or soliciting of a person for the purpose of a commercial sex act.

LABOUR TRAFFICKING: Labour Trafficking is a form of modern-day slavery in which individuals perform labour or services through the use of force, fraud, or coercion. Labour Trafficking includes situations of debt bondage, forced labour, and involuntary child labour.

MODERN SLAVERY: The situations of exploitation that a person cannot refuse or leave because of threats, violence, coercion, abuse of power or deception, can be referred to as slavery, for example, debt bondage, where a person is forced to work for free to pay off a debt, child slavery, forced marriage, domestic servitude and forced labour, where victims are made to work through violence and intimidation.

OECD-DAC FRAMEWORK: The framework to evaluate programmes and projects based on DAC criteria: Relevance, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Impact, Sustainability as laid out in the DAC Principles for Evaluation of Development Assistance.

IMPLEMENTING ORGANISATIONS: An organisation dedicated to furthering a particular social cause or advocating for a shared point of view at a local, national, or international level.

GROOMING: Grooming is the process traffickers use to control and manipulate someone into human trafficking. Although the specific actions are different, traffickers usually follow the same steps: gain the victim’s trust, provide for the victim’s needs, isolate the victim, force the victim into trafficking.

PREVENTION: Prevention seeks to reduce the vulnerability of individuals to being trafficked. It includes programmes that mobilise communities and create awareness of trafficking and women’s rights, proactively reduces all crimes against women, works with the children of sex workers to prevent second generation prostitution and decreases the demand for paid sex through school-based gender sensitisation and/or community engagement.

RESCUE: Rescue operations are the removing of a trafficked individual from under the control of the trafficker or brothel owner, to prohibit any future exploitation.

REHABILITATION: Rehabilitation includes interventions providing safe shelter for victims with basic inputs of food, clothing, counselling, medical care, legal aid, vocational training and income generation activities etc.

PROSECUTION: Prosecution activities refer to assistance with strengthening criminal-justice systems, effective law enforcement and criminal-justice institutions and achieving greater conviction rates.

REINTEGRATION: Reintegration programmes are specific to restoring the victim into the family/ community (if she so desires).

REPATRIATION: Effort for safe repatriation of cross-border survivors of Human Trafficking to their country of origin.

SERVICE DELIVERY APPROACH: The key dimensions of service delivery includes the utilisation of resources for the results-orientation of service delivery processes, these results are measured by accessibility, utilisation and quality of services; and effectiveness or impact, in terms of tangible outcomes of service delivery.